Madison, South Dakota has a Humid Continental Hot Summers With Year Around Precipitation climate (Köppen classification: Dfa). Average annual temperatures range from 1.2 °C (low) to 12.7 °C (high). Annual precipitation averages 685.3 Millimeters. Madison is located in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 4b. The growing season typically runs from the last frost around May 1 - May 10 through the first frost around Sep. 21 - Sep. 30.
| Month | Avg. Low | Avg. High | Avg. Precip |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | -14.7 °C | -4.6 °C | 13.97 mm |
| February | -12.4 °C | -1.9 °C | 18.29 mm |
| March | -6.2 °C | 4.9 °C | 30.99 mm |
| April | 0.5 °C | 12.9 °C | 71.37 mm |
| May | 7.7 °C | 19.9 °C | 95.25 mm |
| June | 13.8 °C | 25.4 °C | 107.19 mm |
| July | 16 °C | 27.9 °C | 87.38 mm |
| August | 14.5 °C | 26.5 °C | 85.09 mm |
| September | 9.6 °C | 22.8 °C | 75.95 mm |
| October | 2.1 °C | 14.9 °C | 52.07 mm |
| November | -5.4 °C | 5.7 °C | 28.96 mm |
| December | -11.6 °C | -1.8 °C | 18.8 mm |
| Annual | 1.2 °C | 12.7 °C | 685.31 mm |
| Average First Frost Date | Sep. 21 - Sep. 30 |
| Average Last Frost Date | May 1 - May 10 |
| Average Days With Frost | 150-180 Days |
| Plant Hardiness Zone | Zone 4b : -31.7°C to -28.9°C |
| Plant Hardiness Zone - 2012 | Zone 4b : -31.7°C to -28.9°C |
| Current Drought Conditions | Moderate Drought |
| Köppen Climate Classification | Dfa - Humid Continental Hot Summers With Year Around Precipitation |